Fig. 2
From: Novel digital approaches to the assessment of problematic opioid use
Bar plot (orange) of the count of psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders that were significant indicators of problematic opioid use (POU) phenotypes in our literature search (see Review Methods for criteria) and bar plot (blue) of the shared gene/locus count between psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders with POU (see reference [28] for methodology). Shared gene/locus associations reflect the relative representation of each disorder as significant predictors of POU. Depression, nicotine and alcohol use disorders, and anxiety disorders show high shared genetic liabilities with POU and are the most significant indicators of POU. However, schizophrenia displays high shared genetic liability with POU despite lower POU prediction