Figure 7

As a reflection of ‘comorbidity’ of MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) and AAD (Alcohol Abuse and Dependence) with other psychological disorders, we can look at their average profiles against other mental health indicators and measures of psychological stress. The figures here display the psychological stress profiles of MDD (left) and AAD (right) across summary scores from the Hopkins System Checklist (HSCL-25). They include two summary scores from the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) in order to track associations with ADHD; and Age and Smoking (Cigs) are also added as checks. The parallel coordinates displays here show similar average profiles. It has been known for some time that internalizing disorders such as MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) have higher prevalence in women than in men, and externalizing disorders such as AAD (Alcohol Dependence) have higher prevalence in men than women (normal females: green, affected females: blue; normal males: orange, affected males: red).